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Bhagavad Gītā · Chapter 6 · Dhyāna Yoga

एतन्मे संशयं कृष्ण छेत्तुमर्हस्यशेषतः

त्वदन्यः संशयस्यास्य छेत्ता न ह्युपपद्यते

६.३९

etanme saṃśayaṃ kṛṣṇa chettumarhasyaśeṣataḥ|

tvadanyaḥ saṃśayasyāsya chettā na hyupapadyate||

Recitation coming soon

Word meanings

कृष्ण = O Kṛṣṇa

मे = my

एतत् = this

संशयम् = doubt

अशेषतः = completely

छेत्तुम् = to cut through

अर्हसि = you are fit

हि = for

अस्य = of this

संशयस्य = of the doubt

छेत्ता = dispeller

त्वदन्यः = other than you

न, उपपद्यते = is not to be found

Translation

Krsna, it behoves You to slash this doubt of j mine completely; for none other than You can j be found, who can tear this doubt. (39) V KE CLUS Wy KZ ZS ws SSIS CK):§ KOZ KO 222 OB

Commentary

The commentators seated around this verse

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Portrait of Rāmānuja

Rāmānuja · Viśiṣṭādvaita

English

On verses 6.37–39

No matter how enthusiastically one may embark on the path of yoga,

if one lacks the sufficient determination to maintain the persistent application of regulated discipline, the mind will inevitably be distracted and deviate and one will fail to succeed in reaching perfection in yoga.

What will be the fate of such a person? Will they perish like a divided cloud in the sky leaving the rest behind while failing to unite with the cloud in front of it in the distance? What is meant by double loss?

The word apratiṣṭho means unfixed situation and the words vimūḍho brahmaṇaḥ pathi means baffled due to ignorance of the Brahman or the spiritual substratum pervading all existence which is the first cognition on the way to achieving enlightenment.

The first loss is failure to secure svarga loka or the heavenly planets for executing the appropriate actions:

Prescribed Vedic activities performed with the goal of residing in svarga loka liberally reward one's efforts and allows one to enjoy heavenly delights for as long time as one's merits warrant.

But actions performed by persons without such intent do not enable a person to reside there hence one forfeits the opportunity for heavenly pleasures.

The second loss is ignorance of the path of the Brahman which includes performing selfless actions without desire for reward while contemplating on the ātma or soul.

But the person who fails to pursue it consistently and steadfastly will deviate and stray away and will lose in both instances.

So Arjuna wants Lord Krishna to alleviate his doubts.

śrībhagavān uvāca

Portrait of Madhvācārya

Madhvācārya · Dvaita

Madhva BhāṣyaSanskritEnglish

On verses 6.37–6.43

“अयति – अप्रयलः |” - अयति means absence of exertion

Portrait of Madhvācārya

Madhvācārya · Dvaita

Gītā Tātparya NirṇayaSanskritEnglish

On verses 6.37–6.43

“अयतिः अप्रयलः | प्रयलाद्यतमानस्तु इति वाक्यविशेषात् | योगशब्दस्योपायार्थत्वेऽप्यत्रोपायविशेष एव ध्यानयोगादविवक्षित इति न विरोधः |” - अयति means one who does not endeavor, प्रयलाद्यतमानस्तु means endeavouring with practice, such is the special meaning. For the word yoga equanimity of meditation is the suggested meaning here even though there is a more comprehensive meaning. Failure in equanimous meditation is not contradictory term.

Portrait of Jñāneśvar

Jñāneśvar · Vārkarī

English

On verses 6.37–6.39

37 Arjuna Spake: 'Endowed with faith, but with the mind strayed from Discipline and so lacking in self-control, should one be no longer able to achieve perfection in Yoga, what fate, O Kṛṣṇa befalls him?

38 'Is it permissible to hope that he does not, like some bank of cloud cut adrift, perish outright, severed from both the sides, supportless, and having lost his bearings, O Long-armed, in the path of Brahman? 39 'Right here, O Kṛṣṇa, thou wilt do well to completely dispel my doubt. For, save thyself, another there does not reasonably appear as the dispeller of this doubt.' (430)

But, Oh God, a perplexing doubt still haunts me, and no one else but yourself will be able to solve it. Therefore, enlighten me, Oh Govinda, on this point. Suppose, one endowed with great faith, but not knowing the 'Yoga'—discipline, tries to reach the status of emancipation. He leaves behind, the place of habitation of the senses, and proceeds along the path of faith with the object of reaching the state of the (essence of) Supreme Self. But before reaching the destination, and not being able to retrace (the step taken), the sun of his soul's longevity sets in its journey and he gets stranded. Just as a thin layer of unseasonal clouds formed in the sky neither gathers strength nor pours down, in the same way such a person gets deprived of both the attainment of the Supreme Self, as also the happiness associated with the sense-contact which he abandoned on the strength of his faith. In this way, he loses both, being led away by faith. What is going to be the fate of such an one?'

Swami Ramsukhdas · Modern

English

'Etanme saṃśayam kṛṣṇa chettumarhasyaśeṣataḥ'—A striver having the aim of God-realization, becomes free from sins, and so cannot go to hell. He cannot go to heaven, because he has no such aim. He cannot be reborn as a man, because this is also not the aim of his life. He deviates from the path of God-realization. Does such a striver not perish like a broken cloud?

'Tvadanyaḥ saṃśayasyāsya chettā na hyupapadyate'—No one can dispel this doubt completely. This puzzle of the scriptures, can be solved by scholars, possessing knowledge. A Yogī, who has attained this state by practice, can know the solution to a certain extent. But You are omniscient, You know the fate and end of all creatures.* So You can dispel this doubt of mine, completely says Arjuna.

Appendix—Arjuna believed that Śrī Kṛṣṇa was an incarnation of God, so here he puts the question to Him about the Dhyānayogī, what fate he meets if his mind deviates from Yoga and also tells him that no one else can dispel this doubt besides Him. It is because of his belief that Śrī Kṛṣṇa was God that he shunning the Lord's Nārāyaṇī army well-equipped with arms and ammunition consisting of 109350 foot soldiers, 65610 horses, 21870 chariots and 21870 elephants welcomed unarmed Lord Kṛṣṇa on his side.

Link:—In the next verse, Lord Kṛṣṇa clears the doubt, raised by Arjuna.

Portrait of Ādi Śaṅkarācārya

Ādi Śaṅkarācārya · Advaita

Sanskrit

एतत् मे मम संशयं कृष्ण छेत्तुं अपनेतुं अर्हसि अशेषतः । त्वदन्यः त्वत्तः अन्यः ऋषिः देवो वा छेत्ता नाशयिता संशयस्य अस्य न हि यस्मात् उपपद्यते न सम्भवति । अतः त्वमेव छेत्तुमर्हसि इत्यर्थः ॥

Portrait of Ādi Śaṅkarācārya

Ādi Śaṅkarācārya · Advaita

Hindi

हे कृष्ण! मेरे इस संशयको निःशेषतासे काटनेके लिये अर्थात् नष्ट करनेके लिये आप ही समर्थ हैं, क्योंकि आपको छोड़कर दूसरा कोई ऋषि या देवता इस संशयका नाश करनेवाला सम्भव नहीं है। अतः आपको ही इसका नाश करना चाहिये, यह अभिप्राय है

Portrait of Jñāneśvar

Jñāneśvar · Vārkarī

Marathi

On verses 6.37–6.39

परि आणिक एक गोसांविया । मज संशयो असे साविया । तो तूंवांचूनि फेडावया । समर्थु नाहीं ॥ ४३० ॥

म्हणोनि सांगे गोविंदा । कवण एकु मोक्षपदा । झोंबत होता श्रध्दा । उपायेंविण ॥ ४३१ ॥

इद्रिंयग्रामोनि निघाला । आस्थेचिया वाटा लागला । आत्मसिद्धीचिया पुढिला । नगरा यावया ॥ ४३२ ॥

तंव आत्मसिद्धी न ठकेचि । आणि मागुतें न येववेचि । ऐसा अस्तु गेला माझारींचि । आयुष्यभानु ॥ ४३३ ॥

जैसें अकाळीं आभाळ । अळुमाळु सपातळ । विपायें आलें केवळ । वसे ना वर्से ॥ ४३४ ॥

तैसी दोन्ही दुरावलीं । जे प्राप्ती तंव अलग ठेली । आणि अप्राप्तीही सांडवली । श्रध्दा तया ॥ ४३५ ॥

ऐसा वोलांतरला काजीं । जो श्रध्देचांचि समाजीं । बुडाला तया हो जी । कवण गति ॥ ४३६ ॥

Portrait of Jñāneśvar

Jñāneśvar · Vārkarī

Hindi

On verses 6.37–6.39

(6.430) तथापि हे स्वामी! मुझे एक और संशय होता है। उसका निवारण करने के लिए आपके समान कोई समर्थ नहीं है।

(6.431) इसलिए हे श्रीगोविन्द! मान लीजिए कि कोई एक पुरुष अभ्यास के बिना केवल श्रद्धा से मोक्षपद की प्राप्ति कर रहा था

(6.432) वह इन्द्रियरूपी ग्राम से निकल कर आत्मसिद्धिरूपी दूसरे नगर को जाने के लिए आस्था के मार्ग से निकला।

(6.433) परन्तु आत्मसिद्धि को न पहुँचा, और पलट कर भी न आ सका। बीच में ही उसके आयुष्यसूर्य का अस्त हो गया।

(6.434) जैसे असमय में आया हुआ मेघ कुछ पतला भी रहता है और कदाचित् ही आ जाता है परन्तु न टिकता है और न बरसता है

(6.435) वैसे ही उसकी दोनों बातें रह गईं। क्योंकि प्राप्ति तो दूर ही रही और श्रद्धा के कारण अप्राप्ति अर्थात् इन्द्रियों के विषय भी छूट गए।

(6.436) इस प्रकार जो दोनों बातों से हाथ धो बैठता है और श्रद्धा के समुदाय में लीन हो जाता है, उसकी कौन गति होती है?

Portrait of Sri Udiya Baba

Sri Udiya Baba · Modern

Hindi

भावार्थ— हे श्रीकृष्ण! मेरे इस संशय को पूर्णतया छेदन करने में आप ही समर्थ हैं। आपसे भिन्न इसे छेदन करने वाला कोई और नहीं हो सकता।

व्याख्या— आप पूर्ण ब्रह्म हैं। आपने कहा भी है कि मैं सबका आदि कारण हूँ, सबको जानता हूँ, सबका आदि मध्य और अन्त हूँ। तथा आप बड़े मेधावी, संशयशून्य और सर्वज्ञ हैं, अतः आपके सिवाय मेरे इस संशय को छेदन करने में और कोई समर्थ नहीं है।

Swami Ramsukhdas · Modern

Hindi

‘एतन्मे संशयं कृष्ण छेत्तुमर्हस्यशेषतः’—परमात्मप्राप्तिका उद्देश्य होनेसे साधक पापकर्मोंसे तो सर्वथा रहित हो गया, इसलिये वह नरकोंमें तो जा ही नहीं सकता और स्वर्गका ध्येय न रहनेसे स्वर्गमें भी जा नहीं सकता। मनुष्योंमें आनेका उसका उद्देश्य नहीं है, इसलिये वह उसमें भी नहीं आ सकता और परमात्मप्राप्तिके साधनसे भी विचलित हो गया। ऐसा साधक क्या छिन्न-भिन्न बादलकी तरह नष्ट तो नहीं हो जाता? यह मेरा संशय है।

‘त्वदन्यः संशयस्यास्य छेत्ता न ह्युपपद्यते’—इस संशयका सर्वथा छेदन करनेवाला अन्य कोई हो नहीं सकता। इसका तात्पर्य है कि शास्त्रकी कोई गुत्थी हो, शास्त्रका कोई गहन विषय हो, कोई ऐसी कठिन पंक्ति हो, जिसका अर्थ न लगता हो, तो उसको शास्त्रोंका ज्ञाता

कोई विद्वान् भी समझा सकता है। परन्तु योगभ्रष्टकी क्या गति होती है? इसका उत्तर वह नहीं दे सकता। हाँ, योगी कुछ हदतक इसको जान सकता है, पर वह सम्पूर्ण प्राणियोंकी गति-आगतिको अर्थात् जाने और आनेको नहीं जान सकता; क्योंकि वह ‘युंजान योगी’ है अर्थात् अभ्यास करके योगी बना है। अतः वह वहीतक जान सकता है, जहाँतक उसकी जाननेकी हद है। परन्तु आप तो ‘युक्त योगी’ हैं अर्थात् आप बिना अभ्यास, परिश्रमके सर्वत्र सब कुछ जाननेवाले हैं। आपके समान जानकार कोई हो सकता ही नहीं। आप साक्षात् भगवान् हैं और सम्पूर्ण प्राणियोंकी गति-आगतिको जाननेवाले हैं। अतः इस योगभ्रष्टके गतिविषयक प्रश्नका उत्तर आप ही दे सकते हैं। आप ही मेरे इस संशयको दूर कर सकते हैं।

**परिशिष्ट भाव**—अर्जुनको भगवान् श्रीकृष्णकी भगवतापर विश्वास था, तभी यहाँ वे योगभ्रष्टकी गतिके विषयमें प्रश्न करते हैं और कहते हैं कि इस बातको आपके सिवाय दूसरा कोई बता नहीं सकता। भगवान् श्रीकृष्णकी भगवतापर विश्वास होनेके कारण ही उन्होंने एक अक्षौहिणी सशस्त्र नारायणी सेनाको छोड़कर निःशस्त्र भगवान्को ही स्वीकार किया था!

**सम्बन्ध**—अड़तीसवें श्लोकमें अर्जुनने शंका की थी कि संसारसे और साधनसे च्युत हुए साधकका कहीं पतन तो नहीं हो जाता? उसका समाधान करनेके लिये भगवान् आगेका श्लोक कहते हैं।

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