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Bhagavad Gītā · Chapter 11 · Viśvarūpa Darśana Yoga

अर्जुन उवाच

दृष्ट्वेदं मानुषं रूपं तवसौम्यं जनार्दन

इदानीमस्मि संवृत्तः सचेताः प्रकृतिं गतः

११.५१

arjuna uvāca

dṛṣṭvedaṃ mānuṣaṃ rūpaṃ tavasaumyaṃ janārdana|

idānīmasmi saṃvṛttaḥ sacetāḥ prakṛtiṃ gataḥ||

Recitation coming soon

Word meanings

जनार्दन = O Janārdana

तव = your

इदम् = this

सौम्यम् = gentle

मानुषम् = human

रूपम् = form

दृष्ट्वा = having seen

इदानीम् = now

सचेताः = composed in mind

संवृतः = have become

अस्मि = I am

प्रकृतिम् = my own nature

गतः = returned to

Translation

Arjuna said: Krsna, seeing this gentle human form of Yours I have regained my composure and am myself again.

Commentary

The commentators seated around this verse

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Portrait of Rāmānuja

Rāmānuja · Viśiṣṭādvaita

English

After gazing again on Lord Krishna in human vestige looking extraordinarily phenomenal with four-arms and then again as a countenance of beauty with two arms

lovely to envision with tenderness, grace, majesty and naturalness all sublimely expressing themselves ensemble and marvellous to behold.

Seeing Lord Krishna's human form so enchanting and delightful Arjuna's mind was restored to its natural tranquillity and he became placated.

Portrait of Madhvācārya

Madhvācārya · Dvaita

SanskritEnglish

“किङचन्मनुष्यवद् दृश्यमानत्वान्मनुषम् ।” - Since He is seen normally in human form, He is said to have taken human form.

Portrait of Jñāneśvar

Jñāneśvar · Vārkarī

English

51 *Arjuna spake—'Beholding this Thine peaceful human Form, O World-destroyer, now have I here become collected in mind, and am restored to my normal nature.'* (663)

Thus that paragon of warriors (Arjuna) beheld what he had prayed for, and then said, 'So now it comes to pass that I am recalled to life. The state of the body did indeed suffer a tumultuous upheaval, for all knowledge frightened out of its home in reason, strayed into wilderness; mind with its self-sense was uprooted and fled; senses lost their way, and speech was struck dumb. All these have now come to life and resumed their work. Thus the Lord's human incarnate image has kindled a new life in me.

With such soul-stirring rejoining of heart, he spake to Lord Krishna thus:—"Now do I behold thine image in human carnation, Oh God. Revealing Thyself in this image is verily reuniting, (to the mother) a child that had lost its way to the mother and that is comforted by sucking the mothers breast. Oh, tossed on the waves of the ocean of the Omnipresent Image. I helplessly counted and recounted those waves and struggled for very life; in the vision of thine Incarnate Image, I am planting my feet on the shore, Oh, Thou Friend living in Dwāraka. This is not a vision; it is verily a downpour of rain on me, who suffered like a withered plant. Afflicted with thirst, I was brought to the ocean of nectar in the vision of Thine-Incarnate Image, which now makes life's assurance double sure. The creepers of these rejoicings are planted in my heart's bed; to bliss I am now wedded.

Swami Ramsukhdas · Modern

English

'Drṣṭvedam mānuṣam rūpam tava saumyam janārdana idānīmasmi saṃvṛttah sacetāḥ prakṛtim gataḥ'—Arjuna says to Lord Kṛṣṇa, that having seen His human form, which He assumes as a sport, even cows, beasts, birds, trees and creepers etc., are thrilled, with delight (Śrīmadbhā. 10/29/40). Having beheld that human form, he is also composed and is his normal self again.

The terror which was caused by beholding the Lord's cosmic form, has disappeared altogether. By the term 'Sacetāḥ', Arjuna means to say, that when he diverted his attention towards the Lord's grace, he realised that he was a pigmy before the wonderful cosmic form, of the Lord and it was only out of grace, that He revealed to him His cosmic form, divine form and finally assumed the human form though he did not deserve it.

Appendix—Arjuna has called the Lord's form as human because it was gentle two-armed form. Lord Kṛṣṇa was two-armed. In Brahmavaivartapurāṇa it is mentioned—

**tvameva bhagavānādyo nirguṇaḥ prakṛteḥ paraḥ, arddhāṅgo dvibhujaḥ kṛṣṇo'pyarddhāṅgena caturbhujaḥ.**

(Prakṛti. 12/15)

'You, O God, are the origin of all, You are attributeless, You transcend prakṛti, You have revealed Yourself as two-armed Kṛṣṇa, with half part; and with the other half part, You have revealed Yourself as four-armed Viṣṇu.'

**dvibhujo rādhikākānto lakṣmīkāntaścaturbhujaḥ, goloke dvibhujastasthau gopairgopibhirāvṛtaḥ. caturbhujaśca vaikuṇṭhaṇi prayayau padmayā saha, sarvāmāśena samau tau dvau kṛṣṇanārāyaṇau parau.**

(Prakṛti 35/14-15)

'Two-armed Kṛṣṇa is Rādhikā's husband and four-armed Viṣṇu is Lakṣmī's husband. Kṛṣṇa surrounded by Gopas (cowherds) and Gopikās (cowherd women) live in Goloka, and Viṣṇu with Lakṣmī (as well as His councillors) reside in Vaikuṇṭha. Both of them (Kṛṣṇa and Viṣṇu) are the same in everyway viz., both are one only.'

It means that two-armed Kṛṣṇa, four-armed Viṣṇu and the Lord with thousands of arms (cosmic form)—all the three are the manifestations of the entire-God (God in full).

*Link:—Lord Kṛṣṇa, supporting Arjuna's view, expressed in the above verse, explains the rarity of the vision, of His four-armed divine form.*

Portrait of Ādi Śaṅkarācārya

Ādi Śaṅkarācārya · Advaita

Sanskrit

दृष्ट्वा इदं मानुषं रूपं मत्सखं प्रसन्नं तव सौम्यं जनार्दन, इदानीं अधुना अस्मि संवृत्तः सञ्जातः । किम्? सचेताः प्रसन्नचित्तः प्रकृतिं स्वभावं गतश्च अस्मि ॥

Portrait of Ādi Śaṅkarācārya

Ādi Śaṅkarācārya · Advaita

Hindi

हे जनार्दन! अब मैं अपने मित्रकी आकृतिमें आपके इस प्रसन्नमुख सौम्य मानुषरूपको देखकर सचेता यानी प्रसन्नचित्त हुआ हूँ और अपनी प्रकृतिको—वास्तविक स्थितिको प्राप्त हुआ हूँ

Portrait of Jñāneśvar

Jñāneśvar · Vārkarī

Marathi

एवं मागील जैसें तैसें । तेणें देखिलें वीरविलासें । मग म्हणे जियालों ऐसें । जाहलें आतां ॥ ६६३ ॥ बुद्धीतें सांडोनि ज्ञान । भेणें वळघलें रान । अहंकारेंसी मन । देशोधडी जाहलें ॥ ६६४ ॥ इंद्रियें प्रवृत्ती भुललीं । वाचा प्राणा चुकली । ऐसें आपांपरी होती जाली । शरीरग्रामीं ॥ ६६५ ॥ तियें आघवींचि मागुतीं । जिवंत भेटलीं प्रकृती । आतां जिताणें श्रीमूर्ती । जाहलें मियां ॥ ६६६ ॥ ऐसें सुख जीवीं घेतलें । मग श्रीकृष्णातें म्हणितलें । मियां तुमचें रूप देखिलें । मानुष हें ॥ ६६७ ॥ हें रूप दाखवणें देवराया । कीं मज अपत्या चुकलिया । बुझावोनि तुवां माया । स्तनपान दिधलें ॥ ६६८ ॥ जी विश्वरूपाचिया सागरीं । होतों तरंग मवित वांवेवरी । तो इये निजमूर्तीच्या तीरीं । निगालों आतां ॥ ६६९ ॥ आइकें द्वारकापुरसुहाडा । मज सुकतिया जी झाडा । हे भेटी नव्हे बहुडा । मेघाचा केला ॥ ६७० ॥ जी सावियाची तृषा फुटला । तया मज अमृतसिंधु हा भेटला । आतां जिणयाचा जाहला । भरंवसा मज ॥ ६७१ ॥ माझिया हृदयरंगणीं । होताहे हरिखलतांची लावणी । सुखेंसीं बुझावणी । जाहली मज ॥ ६७२ ॥

Portrait of Jñāneśvar

Jñāneśvar · Vārkarī

Hindi

(11.663) उस वीर-विलासी अर्जुन ने जैसी इच्छा की थी वैसा ही उसे दर्शन हुआ। फिर उसने कहा कि महाराज! अब मेरे जी में जी आया सा मालूम होता है।

(11.664) बुद्धि का छोड़ ज्ञान डर कर अरण्य में घुस गया था, मन अहंकार-सहित देश के पार चला गया था,

(11.665) इन्द्रियाँ प्रवृत्ति भूल गई थीं, वाचा बोलना भूल गई थी, इस प्रकार इस शरीरग्राम में दुर्दशा हो गई थी।

(11.666) परन्तु अब वे सब जीती हुई प्रकृति के हाथ लग गई। इस श्रीमूर्ति से उन्हें फिर जीवन प्राप्त हो गया।

(11.667) इस प्रकार अर्जुन के हृदय में सुख हुआ। फिर उसने श्रीकृष्ण से कहा कि मैंने आपका यह मनुष्य-रूप देखा।

(11.668) हे देवराज! आपका यह रूप दिखाना ऐसा है कि जैसे अपराधी बालक को आप माता ने समझा कर स्तनपान दिया हो। (11.669) अजी, मैं विश्वरूप के समुद्र में हाथों से तरंगों को काट रहा था, सो अब इस निजमूर्ति-रूपी तीर पर आ पहुँचा।

(11.670) हे द्वारकापुर के श्रेष्ठ! सुनिए, मैं एक सूखा हुआ वृक्ष था। उसे यह दर्शन नहीं, मेघों की वर्षा हुई।

(11.671) अजी, सहज तुषा लगी तो मुझे यह अमृत का समुद्र ही प्राप्त हो गया।

(11.672) मेरी हृदय-भूमि में हर्ष-लताएँ लगाई जा रही हैं, और मुझे आनन्द और समाधान हो रहा है।

Portrait of Sri Udiya Baba

Sri Udiya Baba · Modern

Hindi

भावार्थ— अर्जुन ने कहा— जनार्दन! आपके इस शान्त मनुष्यरूप को देखकर अब मैं होश में आ गया हूँ और अपनी स्वभाविक स्थिति में स्थित हूँ।

Swami Ramsukhdas · Modern

Hindi

'दृष्ट्वेदं मानुषं रूपं तव सौम्यं जनार्दन'—आपके मनुष्यरूपमें प्रकट होकर लीला करनेवाले रूपको

देखकर गायें, पशु-पक्षी, वृक्ष, लताएँ आदि भी पुलकित हो जाती हैं*, ऐसे सौम्य द्विभुजरूपको देखकर मैं होशमें आ

* त्रैलोक्यसौभगमिदं च निरीक्ष्य रूपं यदगोद्विजदुमुगाः पुलकान्यविभ्रन् ॥ (श्रीमद्भा० १०। २९। ४०)

गया हूँ, मेरा चित्त स्थिर हो गया है—‘इदानीमस्मि संवृतः सचेताः’, विरादरूपको देखकर जो मैं भयभीत हो गया था, वह सब भय अब मिट गया है, सब व्यथा चली गयी है और मैं अपनी वास्तविक स्थितिको प्राप्त हो गया हूँ—‘प्रकृतिं गतः।’ यहाँ ‘सचेताः’ कहनेका तात्पर्य है कि जब अर्जुनकी

दृष्टि भगवान्की कृपाकी तरफ गयी, तब अर्जुनको होश आया और वे सोचने लगे कि कहाँ तो मैं और कहाँ भगवान्का विस्मयकारक विलक्षण विरादरूप! इसमें मेरी कोई योग्यता, अधिकारिता नहीं है। इसमें तो केवल भगवान्की कृपा-ही-कृपा है।

**परिशिष्ट भाव—** भगवान्का सौम्यरूप द्विभुज होनेके कारण अर्जुनने उसको मनुष्यरूप कहा है। भगवान् श्रीकृष्ण द्विभुज थे। ब्रह्मवैवर्तपुराणमें आया है—

**त्वमेव भगवानाद्यो निर्गुणः प्रकृतेः परः। अद्विगो द्विभुजः कृष्णोऽप्यद्विगिन चतुर्भुजः॥**

(प्रकृति० १२। १५)

‘आप सबके आदि, निर्गुण और प्रकृतिसे अतीत भगवान् ही अपने आधे अंगसे द्विभुज कृष्ण और आधे अंगसे चतुर्भुज विष्णुके रूपमें प्रकट हुए हैं।’

**द्विभुजो राधिकाकान्तो लक्ष्मीकान्तश्चतुर्भुजः। गोलोके द्विभुजस्तस्थौ गोपैर्गोपीभिरावृतः॥**

**चतुर्भुजश्च वैकुण्ठं प्रययौ पचया सह। सर्वाशिन समौ तौ द्वौ कृष्णनारायणी परौ॥**

(प्रकृति० ३५। १४-१५)

‘द्विभुज कृष्ण राधिकापति हैं और चतुर्भुज विष्णु लक्ष्मीपति हैं। कृष्ण गोप-गोपियोंसे आवृत होकर गोलोकमें और विष्णु लक्ष्मीके साथ (पार्षदोसहित) वैकुण्ठमें स्थित हैं। वे कृष्ण और विष्णु—दोनों सब प्रकारसे समान अर्थात् एक ही हैं।’

तात्पर्य है कि द्विभुजरूप (कृष्ण), चतुर्भुजरूप (विष्णु) और सहस्रभुजरूप (विरादरूप)—तीनों एक ही समग्र भगवान्के रूप हैं।

सम्बन्ध—अर्जुनकी कृतज्ञताका अनुमोदन करते हुए भगवान् कहते हैं—

श्रीभगवानुवाच

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