गीताGitaDeep

Bhagavad Gītā · Chapter 10 · Vibhūti Yoga

दण्डो दमयतामस्मि नीतिरस्मि जिगीषताम्

मौनं चैवास्मि गुह्यानां ज्ञानं ज्ञानवतामहम्

१०.३८

daṇḍo damayatāmasmi nītirasmi jigīṣatām|

maunaṃ caivāsmi guhyānāṃ jñānaṃ jñānavatāmaham||

Recitation coming soon

Word meanings

दमयताम् = among subduers

दण्डः = the rod of punishment

जिगीषताम् = among those seeking victory

नीतिः = statecraft

अस्मि = I am

गुह्यानाम् = among secrets

मौनम् = silence

अस्मि = I am

= and

ज्ञानवताम् = among the wise

ज्ञानम् = knowledge

अहम् = I

एव = indeed

अस्मि = I am

Translation

I am the subduing power in rulers; I am righteousness in those who seek to conquer. Ofthings to be kept secret, lam the custodian intheshape ofreticence;andIamthe wisdom of the wise

Commentary

The commentators seated around this verse

Open first:
Language:
Portrait of Rāmānuja

Rāmānuja · Viśiṣṭādvaita

English

Lord Krishna reveals that of damayatām or chastisers His vibhūti or divine, transcendental opulence is the rod of punishment that punishes those who are infringement of the law.

Of those who seek to succeed in conflict His vibhūti is the expedient policy of reconciliation, dissension, bribery and dominance.

Of all matters concerning secrecy His vibhūti is maunam or silence.

Portrait of Madhvācārya

Madhvācārya · Dvaita

SanskritEnglish

On verses 10.37–10.38

“आच्छचदायति सर्वे, वासयति स वसति च सर्वत्र, इति वासुः | देव शब्दार्थ उक्तः पुरस्तात् || छदयामि जगत् सर्वे भूत्वा सूर्यं इवांशुभिः | सर्वभूताधिवासश्च वासुदेवस्ततो ह्यहम् || इति मोक्षधर्मे | विशिष्टः सर्वस्मादा समन्तात् स एव इति व्यासः | तथाचाऽग्नेयीशाखायाम् - स व्यासो वीति तमप् वै वि सोऽधस्तात् स उत्तरतः स पश्चात् स पूर्वस्मात् स दक्षिणतः स उत्तरतः इति || इति | यच्च किञ्चिज्जगत् सर्वे दृश्यते श्रूयतेऽपि वा | अन्तर्वहिश्च तत् सर्वे व्याप्य नारायणः स्थितः || इति ||” - Envelops all, the goal of all, abides in all, therefore वासुः. The meaning of the word देव has been explained earlier. Enveloping the entire world, I illuminate like the rays of the Sun. Being indweller in all the creatures, I am वासुदेव.

“Being especially in all the things as the best, he is Vyasa”, thus in Moksha Dharma text. “He is Vyasa, वीति means the best. He is above, below, in the west as well as in the east, in the south and in the north as well”, thus, in Agniveshya section. “Whatever we see or hear in the world, internally and externally, enveloping on all quarters Narayan is established” thus also having been clarified.

Portrait of Jñāneśvar

Jñāneśvar · Vārkarī

English

38 “I am the Sceptre of the chastisers, of the triumph-seekers the State-craft; and I am the Silence of the secrets and Knowledge of those that know. (296)

Amongst rulers that hold royal sway by sceptre of chastisement, I am that very inexorable retribution that requites all created beings from the ant to the creator God in the appointed time. I am that State-craft amongst arts that decide good and evil in conduct by the righteous standard of sacred religion. I am Silence, Oh my friend, the greatest of all mysteries and so, before those that think in silence, even God Brahmadev pales into an illiterate being. I am also the Knowledge which abides in the all-knowing. Let this alone. There is then no end to these manifestations.

Swami Ramsukhdas · Modern

English

'Daṇḍo damayatāmasmi'—Just punishment is necessary, for a convict to deter him, from sinful behaviour and to enable him to follow the right conduct. So the Lord has declared it to be, His divine glory.

'Nitirasmi jigīṣatām'—It is righteousness by which, one gains victory, and again it is righteousness, which makes a victory everlasting. So, the Lord declares it to be, His divine glory.

'Maunaṁ caivāsmi guhyānām'—Out of all the secrets, silence is most important, because every person cannot know the feelings of those, who keep silent. So the Lord speaks of it as, His divine glory.

'Jñānaṁ jñānavatāmaham'—Whatever knowledge or wisdom, the wise have, is the Lord's divine glory.

So, whatever distinction, is perceived anywhere is not personal, but divine. So a striver, should always behold the Lord, in all the divine glories.

Portrait of Ādi Śaṅkarācārya

Ādi Śaṅkarācārya · Advaita

Sanskrit

दण्डः दमयतां दमयितॄणां अस्मि अदान्तानां दमन-कारणम् । नीतिः अस्मि जिगीषतां जेतुम्-इच्छताम् । मौनं च एव अस्मि गुह्यानां गोप्यानाम् । ज्ञानं ज्ञानवताम् अहम् ॥

Portrait of Ādi Śaṅkarācārya

Ādi Śaṅkarācārya · Advaita

Hindi

दमन करनेवालोंका दण्ड अर्थात् उन्मार्गमें चलनेवालोंको दमन करनेकी शक्ति मैं हूँ। विजय चाहनेवालोंका न्याय मैं हूँ। गुप्त रखने योग्य भावोंमें मौन मैं हूँ। ज्ञानवानोंका ज्ञान मैं हूँ

Portrait of Jñāneśvar

Jñāneśvar · Vārkarī

Marathi

अगा दमितयांमाझारीं । अनिवार दंडु तो मी अवधारीं । जो मुंगियेलागोनि ब्रह्मावेरीं । नियमित पावे ॥ २९६ ॥

पैं सारासार निर्धारितयां । धर्मज्ञानाचा पक्षु धरितयां । सकळ शास्त्रांमाजीं ययां । नीतिशास्त्र तें मी ॥ २९७ ॥

आघवियाचि गूढां- । माजीं मौन तें मी सुहाडा । म्हणोनि न बोलतयां पुढां । स्त्रष्टाही नेण होय ॥ २९८ ॥

अगा ज्ञानियांचिया ठायीं । ज्ञान तें मी पाहीं । आतां असो हें ययां कांहीं । पार न देखों ॥ २९९ ॥

Portrait of Jñāneśvar

Jñāneśvar · Vārkarī

Hindi

(10.296) अजी, दमन करनेहारों में अनिवार्य जो दण्ड है वह मैं हूँ जो कि चिउँटी से लेकर ब्रह्मा तक सब को नियत समय पर प्राप्त होता है।

(10.297) सार और असार का निश्चय करनेहारे और धर्मज्ञान का पक्ष लेनेवाले ऐसे सम्पूर्ण शास्त्रों में जो नीतिशास्त्र है वह मैं हूँ।

(10.298) हे सुहृद अर्जुन! सब गूढ़ बातों में मैं मौन हूँ। इसलिए न बोलनेवाले के सामने ब्रह्मदेव भी अज्ञानी बन जाता है।

(10.299) अजी, ज्ञानियों में जो ज्ञान है वह मैं हूँ। अब और रहने दे। इन विभूतियों का कुछ पार नहीं दिखाई देता।

Portrait of Sri Udiya Baba

Sri Udiya Baba · Modern

Hindi

भावार्थ— दमन करने वालों में मैं दण्ड हूँ, जय की इच्छा रखने वालों में नीति हूँ, गोपनीयों में मौन हूँ और ज्ञानियों में ज्ञान हूँ।

Swami Ramsukhdas · Modern

Hindi

‘दण्डो दमयतामस्मि’—दुष्टोंको दुष्टतासे बचाकर सन्मार्गपर लानेके लिये दण्डनीति मुख्य है। इसलिये भगवान्ने इसको अपनी विभूति बताया है।

‘नीतिरस्मि जिगीषताम्’—नीतिका आश्रय लेनेसे ही मनुष्य विजय प्राप्त करता है और नीतिसे ही विजय ठहरती है। इसलिये नीतिको भगवान्ने अपनी विभूति बताया है।

‘मौनं चैवास्मि गुह्यानाम्’—गुप्त रखनेयोग्य जितने भाव हैं, उन सबमें मौन (वाणीका संयम अर्थात् चुप रहना) मुख्य है; क्योंकि चुप रहनेवालेके भावोंको हरेक व्यक्ति नहीं जान सकता। इसलिये गोपनीय भावोंमें

भगवान्ने मौनको अपनी विभूति बताया है।

‘ज्ञानं ज्ञानवतामहम्’—संसारमें कला-कौशल आदिको जाननेवालोंमें जो ज्ञान (जानकारी) है, वह भगवान्की विभूति है। तात्पर्य है कि ऐसा ज्ञान अपनेमें और दूसरोंमें देखनेमें आये, तो इसे भगवान्की ही विभूति माने।

यहाँ सामान्य शास्त्रज्ञानसे लेकर तत्त्वज्ञानतक सब-का-सब ज्ञान ‘ज्ञानं ज्ञानवतामहम्’ के अन्तर्गत ले सकते हैं। इन सब विभूतियोंमें जो विलक्षणता है, वह इनकी व्यक्तिगत नहीं है, प्रत्युत परमात्माकी ही है। इसलिये परमात्माकी तरफ ही दृष्टि जानी चाहिये।

Share this verse

Practice diya: lit

Reading regularly?

Begin a daily practice — free, no account.

Begin