Lord Krishna uses the word idam meaning this. The idam He is talking about refers to possessions such as wealth, property, family, etc.

The demoniac mentality is that all my possessions have been acquired by me alone, by my own efforts and exertions. They believe there is no other power or subtle unseen cause involved.

The word manoratham means desirable object, and whatever is desirable the demoniac feel it is their right to enjoy regardless of morality.

The wealth that they gain by any means lawful or unlawful, or by cheating and stealing they see as moral and rightful as it was gained by their own brain and brawn over others brain and brawn.

The demoniac follow the idea that might is right and do not believe in any subjective force or higher power.

They forcefully take whatever they desire and are totally unconcerned of any consequences, oblivious to even the possibility that a god or supreme force sanctioning their endeavours could exist.

The demoniac feel that they are so powerful that they themselves are gods because they can destroy their enemies as a whim and consider everyone except themselves to be of unimportance.

The demoniac think like the following examples illustrate:

I am the most powerful. I was born into a dynasty of aristocracy and wealth. Who else in this world is equal to me? Who else by dint of their exertions have acquired every pleasure there is to enjoy and secured so much happiness and stability?

I will eat, drink and be merry, enjoying sense gratification to the maximum without restraint. There is no need for me to believe in any god or supreme power;

but anyway I will perform some pseudo rituals and imitate some pious activities by ostentatious donations for charity to gain renown so others will think that I am also a great religious personality as well.

This is how the demoniac think.

The demoniac see themselves as the enjoyers, the manipulators and the controllers,

The demoniac believe that they are all powerful, independent, masters of their own destinies and independent of any supreme and unseen power;

but so deluded are they that they completely ignore the reality that death will come and indiscriminately abduct them from all their possessions. This is mysteriously completely imperceptible to them.

13 *'This much to-day has been (already) gained by me;' 'I* am sure forthwith to attain my mind's desire.' 'This much (of wealth) is (already) mine:' this much wealth likewise shall furthermore be mine'. (348)

(The Demoniac says) "Today I have got in my hand the riches belonging to many (others). Is it not certainly a glory for me?" And the more he indulges in such glorification the more his mind wanders in that direction, and he says he would see if he could bring the riches (robbed) of others also. (He further says) "With the capital of riches so far acquired I shall secure whatever remains either of movables or immovables in the world. In this way, I shall (alone) be the master of the world's riches and I shall not suffer any one coming within the range of my vision to go out of my clutches."

'Idamadya mayā labdhamimam prāpsye manoratham'— The demoniac people, imagine out of greed, that they have gained so much of money and much more will they gain, by other means, fair or foul. They remain engrossed in such thoughts, that the marriage of their educated son, could bring them so much money; so much money will be saved by evading taxes, and so much money, will be received, through rent and interest.

'Idamastīdamapi me bhaviṣyati punardhanam'—The more wealth, they hoard, the more greedy, they become. They always think, during their daily routine from early morning till late at night, only of means to amass hoards of wealth, and to lead a luxurious life.

But they forget, that they are growing old and one day, they will die a sad death, because they will die thinking of wealth, which they have accumulated and which they will have to leave behind and so wealth will cause, them grief. They, due to greed have to be afraid of their sons and daughters etc. They are also afraid of servants etc., lest the latter should go, on strike.

**Question:—**Strivers possessing a divine nature also think of earning money. Then, what is the difference between them and the people, who possess a demoniac nature?

**Answer:—**Though both of them seem to possess the same disposition, yet there is a vast difference, between the two. A striver's aim is God-realization, so he is not engrossed in hankering after pleasure and prosperity, while a person of demoniac nature, gets engrossed, because his aim is to enjoy worldly prosperity and sensual pleasure.

**Appendix—**Here the Lord explains the expression 'kāmopabhogaparamāḥ' (Those who are given up desire and sensuality) used in the eleventh verse.

तथा उनका अभिप्राय ऐसा होता है कि—

आज इस समय तो मैंने यह द्रव्य प्राप्त किया है तथा अमुक मनोरथ—मनको संतुष्ट करनेवाला पदार्थ और प्राप्त करूँगा। इतना धन तो मेरे पास है और यह इतना धन मेरे पास अगले वर्षमें फिर हो जायगा, उससे मैं धनवान् विख्यात हो जाऊँगा

म्हणे आजि मियां । संपत्ति बहुतेकांचिया । आपुल्या हातीं केलिया । धन्यु ना मी ? ॥ ३४८ ॥ ऐसा श्लाघों जंव जाये । तंव मन आणीकही वाहे । सवेंचि म्हणे पाहे । आणिकांचेंही आणूं ॥ ३४९ ॥ हें जेतुलें असे जोडिलें । तयाचेनि भांडवलें । लाभा घेईन उरलें । चराचर हें ॥ ३५० ॥ ऐसेनि धना विश्वाचिया । मीचि होईन स्वामिया । मग दिठी पडे तया । उरों नेदी ॥ ३५१ ॥

(16.348) वे मन में कहते हैं कि आज हमने बहुतेरों की सम्पत्ति हस्तगत कर ली। हम धन्य हुए कि नहीं?

(16.349) इस प्रकार ज्योंही वे निज की प्रशंसा करते हैं त्योंही मन में और भी अभिलाषा उत्पन्न होती है। और साथ ही वे सोचने लगते हैं कि कल और दूसरों का धन हर लावेंगे

(16.350) तथा यह जितना धन प्राप्त किया है उतनी पूँजी से शेष सब चराचर का नफा प्राप्त करेंगे,

(16.351) और इस प्रकार सम्पूर्ण संसार के धन के स्वामी हमें बनेंगे और फिर जिसे देखेंगे उसे बचने न देंगे।

इदमद्य मया लब्धमिमं प्राप्यै मनोरथम्—आसुरी प्रकृतिवाले व्यक्ति लोभके परायण होकर मनोरथ करते रहते हैं कि हमने अपने उद्योगसे, बुद्धिमानोंसे, चतुराईसे, होशियारीसे, चालाकीसे इतनी वस्तुएँ तो आज प्राप्त कर लीं, इतनी और प्राप्त कर लेंगे। इतनी वस्तुएँ तो हमारे पास हैं, इतनी और वहाँसे आ जायेंगी। इतना धन व्यापारसे आ जायगा। हमारा बड़ा लड़का इतना पढ़ा हुआ है; अतः इतना धन और वस्तुएँ तो उसके विवाहमें आ ही जायेंगी। इतना धन टैक्सकी चोरीसे बच जायगा, इतना जमीनसे आ जायगा, इतना मकानोंके किरायेसे आ जायगा, इतना ब्याजका आ जायगा, आदि-आदि।

**‘इदमस्तीदमपि मे भविष्यति पुनर्धनम्’**—जैसे-जैसे उनका लोभ बढ़ता जाता है, वैसे-ही-वैसे उनके मनोरथ भी बढ़ते जाते हैं। जब उनका चिन्तन बढ़ जाता है, तब वे चलते-फिरते हुए, काम-धंधा करते हुए, भोजन करते हुए, मल-मूत्रका त्याग करते हुए और यदि नित्यकर्म (पाठ-पूजा-जप आदि) करते हैं तो उसे करते हुए भी ‘धन कैसे बढ़े’ इसका चिन्तन करते रहते हैं। इतनी दूकानें, मिल, कारखाने तो हमने खोल दिये हैं, इतने और खुल जायें। इतनी गायें-भैंसे, भेड़-बकरियाँ आदि तो हैं ही, इतनी और हो जायें। इतनी जमीन तो हमारे पास है, पर यह बहुत थोड़ी है, किसी तरहसे और मिल जाय तो बहुत अच्छा हो जायगा। इस प्रकार धन आदि बढ़ानेके विषयमें उनके मनोरथ होते हैं।

जब उनकी दृष्टि अपने शरीर तथा परिवारपर जाती है, तब वे उस विषयमें मनोरथ करने लग जाते हैं कि

अमुक-अमुक दवाएँ सेवन करनेसे शरीर ठीक रहेगा। अमुक-अमुक चीजें इकट्ठी कर ली जायें, तो हम सुख और आरामसे रहेंगे। एयरकण्डीशनवाली गाड़ी मँगवा लें, जिससे बाहरकी गरमी न लगे। उनके ऐसे वस्त्र मँगवा लें, जिससे सरदी न लगे। ऐसा बरसाती कोट या छाता मँगवा लें, जिससे वर्षासे शरीर गीला न हो। ऐसे-ऐसे गहने-कपड़े और शृंगार आदिकी सामग्री मँगवा लें, जिससे हम खूब सुन्दर दिखायी दें, आदि-आदि।

ऐसे मनोरथ करते-करते उनको यह याद नहीं रहता कि हम बूढ़े हो जायेंगे तो इस सामग्रीका क्या करेंगे और मरते समय यह सामग्री हमारे क्या काम आयेगी? अन्तमें इस सम्पत्तिका मालिक कौन होगा? बेटा तो कपूत है; अतः वह सब नष्ट कर देगा। मरते समय यह धन-सम्पत्ति खुदको दुःख देगी। इस सामग्रीके लोभके कारण ही मुझे बेटा-बेटीसे डरना पड़ता है और नौकरीसे डरना पड़ता है कि कहीं ये लोग हड़ताल न कर दें।

**प्रश्न—**दैवी-सम्पत्तिको धारण करके साधन करनेवाले साधकके मनमें भी कभी-कभी व्यापार आदिके कार्यको लेकर (इस श्लोककी तरह) ‘इतना काम हो गया, इतना काम करना बाकी है और इतना काम आगे हो जायगा; इतना पैसा आ गया है और इतना वहाँपर टैक्स देना है’ आदि स्फुरणाएँ होती हैं। ऐसी ही स्फुरणाएँ जड़ताका उद्देश्य रखनेवाले आसुरी-सम्पत्तिवालोंके मनमें भी होती हैं, तो इन दोनोंकी वृत्तियोंमें क्या अन्तर हुआ?

**उत्तर—**दोनोंकी वृत्तियाँ एक-सी दीखनेपर भी उनमें बड़ा अन्तर है। साधकका उद्देश्य परमात्मप्राप्तिका होता है; अतः वह उन वृत्तियोंमें तल्लीन नहीं होता। परन्तु आसुरी

प्रकृतिवालोंका उद्देश्य धन इकट्ठा करने और भोग भोगनेका रहता है; अतः वे उन वृत्तियोंमें ही तल्लीन होते हैं। तात्पर्य यह है कि दोनोंके उद्देश्य भिन्न-भिन्न होनेसे दोनोंमें बड़ा भारी अन्तर है।

**परिशिष्ट भाव**—यहाँ भगवान् ग्यारहवें श्लोकमें कहे 'कामोपभोगपरमाः' पदकी व्याख्या करते हैं।